Metabolomics based non-invasive detection of genetically normal human embryos

Infertility is a significant problem affecting up to 15% of couples of reproductive age all over the world including India. Though assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are the only hope to have children in such patients, a major problem in ART is low pregnancy rate. This is due to the limitations in the current embryo viability assessment technique which determines the pregnancy outcome. Most human IVF embryos have relatively low viability and the genetic abnormalities do exist in in vitro derived human embryos possibly arising from defective gametes or sub optimal culture conditions in IVF program. Currently, the most popular method for assessing the quality of embryo prior to its transfer is based on morphological criteria. This has limited value in predicting pregnancy and also it does not differentiate between genetically normal and abnormal embryos. Thus there is a chance of transferring abnormal embryos resulting in implantation failure. There is no non-invasive tool to identify genetically intact embryos efficiently with highest viability or implantation potential. There has been a growing interest in using embryo metabolism as a noninvasive marker to assess embryo developmental potential through metabolomics approach. Recently in collaboration with Indian Institute of Science, our group has measured the pyruvate uptake by the embryo from the culture medium and pyruvate-alanine ratio which has provided a potential non-invasive clinical marker to select the IVF derived embryos having highest potential to result in pregnancy. But still there are no reports on the association between the genetic integrity of the embryos and metabolism. Since it is important to develop a non-invasive marker to identify genetically normal (euploid) embryo to improve the overall reproductive outcome in infertility patients, the present study is aimed to establish a marker based on NMR technology to understand the genetic integrity of IVF derived pre-implantation embryos. (Supported by: Vision group for Science & Technology, Govt. of Karnataka)